查看“MSC”的源代码

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            <strong>MSC</strong>（Mesenchymal Stem Cells，间充质干细胞）系源于中胚层的一类具自我更新能力与多向分化潜能的非造血多能干细胞。MSC 广泛分布于骨髓、脂肪、脐带及胎盘等组织中，其核心生物学特征在于极强的<strong>[[旁分泌效应]]</strong>与<strong>[[免疫调节]]</strong>能力。作为<strong>[[细胞治疗]]</strong>的重要组成部分，MSC 不仅在组织修复与<strong>[[再生医学]]</strong>中占据核心地位，其在逆转<strong>[[GvHD]]</strong>（移植物抗宿主病）及重塑<strong>[[肿瘤微环境]]</strong>方面的潜力，已使其成为当代生物治疗研究的前沿轴点。
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            <div style="font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 1.2px; text-decoration: none;">MSC · 生物学全息图</div>
            <div style="font-size: 0.75em; opacity: 0.85; margin-top: 4px; white-space: nowrap;">Mesenchymal Stem Cells Profile (点击展开)</div>
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                    <div style="color: #64748b; font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: 500;">MSC 多向分化与表面标志物模型</div>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #475569; background-color: #f8fafc; width: 40%;">阳性标志物</th>
                    <td style="padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a;"><strong>CD73+</strong>, <strong>CD90+</strong>, <strong>CD105+</strong></td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #475569; background-color: #f8fafc;">阴性标志物</th>
                    <td style="padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a;"><strong>CD34-</strong>, <strong>CD45-</strong>, <strong>HLA-DR-</strong></td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 10px 15px; color: #475569; background-color: #f8fafc;">核心机制</th>
                    <td style="padding: 10px 15px; color: #1e40af; font-weight: 600;"><strong>旁分泌</strong> 与 <strong>免疫抑制</strong></td>
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        MSC 的治疗效应主要通过其复杂的生物学行为与微环境交互实现：
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        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>定向[[归巢机制]]（Homing）：</strong> 在炎症信号（如 <strong>CXCL12/SDF-1</strong>）的驱动下，MSC 可特异性跨越血管内皮，募集至损伤或肿瘤局部。</li>
        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>[[免疫调节]]轴点：</strong> 通过释放可溶性因子（如 <strong>PGE2</strong>、<strong>IDO</strong>、<strong>[[IL-10]]</strong>）及胞外囊泡，MSC 能有效抑制 <strong>[[CD8+ T细胞]]</strong> 与 <strong>[[NK细胞]]</strong> 的增殖。</li>
        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>多向分化支持：</strong> 可分化为骨、软骨、脂肪细胞，并分泌生长因子促进<strong>[[血管新生]]</strong>与组织修复。</li>
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    <h2 style="background: #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a; padding: 10px 18px; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; font-size: 1.25em; margin-top: 40px; border-left: 6px solid #0f172a; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">MSC 与免疫细胞治疗之特性对照表</h2>

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                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #0f172a; width: 25%;">特性维度</th>
                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #475569;">效应 T 细胞 (如 [[CAR-T]])</th>
                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #16a34a;">间充质干细胞 (MSC)</th>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">MHC 依赖性</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">高度依赖 (MHC-I/II)</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">极低 (低表达 <strong>[[HLA]]</strong> 分子)</td>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">异体应用风险</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">极高 (<strong>[[GvHD]]</strong> 风险)</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">极低 (具 <strong>[[免疫豁免]]</strong> 特性)</td>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">临床目标</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">杀伤特定病理靶标</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">免疫稳态重塑与组织再生</td>
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        <span style="color: #0f172a; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.05em; display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 5px;">参考文献与学术点评</span>
        
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            [1] <strong>Friedenstein A J, et al. (1970).</strong> <em>The development of fibroblast colonies...</em> <strong>Cell and Tissue Kinetics</strong>. <br>
            <span style="color: #475569;">[学术点评]：该领域奠基性文献，首次描述了骨髓中具有成纤维细胞样形态的多能基质细胞。</span>
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            [2] <strong>Pittenger M F, et al. (1999).</strong> <em>Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells.</em> <strong>Science</strong>. <br>
            <span style="color: #475569;">[学术点评]：里程碑式研究，系统验证了人源 MSC 的多向分化潜能。</span>
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            [3] <strong>Dominici M, et al. (2006).</strong> <em>Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells.</em> <strong>Cytotherapy</strong>. <br>
            <span style="color: #475569;">[学术点评]：由 ISCT 发布的权威指南，定义了 MSC 鉴定的“金标准”标志物。</span>
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        <div style="background-color: #0f172a; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px;">MSC · 知识图谱关联</div>
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            [[旁分泌效应]] • [[GvHD防控]] • [[MSC外泌体]] • [[免疫调节受体]] • [[再生医学]] • [[全息质控体系]]
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