云南省4种伊蚊的乙型脑炎病毒分离物的研究

　　张海林施华芳米竹青自登云龚正达

　　侯宗柳李兆祥张云智张嘉玉杨兰萍

　　摘要在云南省西南边境9县市捕获伊蚊属雌性成蚊16种19367只，用细胞法和乳鼠法分离病毒。从185批6491只白纹伊蚊中分离到病毒2株，从50批1605只剌扰伊蚊中分离到病毒2株，从23批772只窄翅伊蚊中分离到病毒2株，从4批103只阿萨姆伊蚊中分离到病毒1株。其它12种共10396只伊蚊的病毒分离物为阴性。分离到的7株病毒经免疫荧光、酶免疫、血凝抑制和中和试验鉴定，均为乙型脑炎病毒(JE virus)。白纹伊蚊是野外竹林的优势蚊种。分析认为白纹伊蚊在当地乙型脑炎病毒保存和传播中起重要作用，刺扰伊蚊、窄翅伊蚊和阿萨姆伊蚊亦可参与该病毒的传播。

　　Isolation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus from Four Species of

　　Aedes Mosquito in Yunnan Province

　　Zhang Hailin Shi Huafang Mi Zhuqing Zi Dengyun Gong Zhengda

　　(Yunnan Provincial Institute of Epidemic Diseases Control and Research, Dali, Yunnan 671000)

　　Abstract A total of 19 367 adult female mosquitoes belonging to 16 species of Aedes genus were captured from nine countries, south-western part of Yunnan Province, China, and were examined by C6/36 cell method and suckling mouse method. Two strains of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus were isolated from 6491 (185 pools) Aedes albopictus， two strains of JE virus were isolated from 1605 (50 pools) Ae. vexans,two strains of JE virus were isolated from 772 (23 pools) Ae. lineatopennis, and a strain of JE virus was isolated from 103 (4 pools) Ae. assamensis. Isolation of JE virus was negative to other 12 species of Aedes mosquitoes. Ae. albopictus was the superior species of mosquitoes in bamboo forest. These results indicated that Ae. albopictus from Yunnan has a potential role in the maintenance and transmission of JE virus in nature. Ae. vexans, Ae. lineatopennis and Ae. assamensis are also considered to be transmitting vector of JE virus in Yunnan.

　　Key words Mosquito, Aedes, Japanese encephalitis virus, Vector, Yunnan province

　　国内外在流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)媒介研究中做了大量工作，明确了三带喙库蚊(Culex tritaeniorhynchus)是本病主要传播媒介，一些库蚊属蚊虫在乙脑病毒传播中亦起重要作用。然而，伊蚊在本病传播中的作用研究较少。为了解伊蚊属蚊虫自然感染乙脑病毒情况及媒介意义，我们在云南省西南部热带地区采集蚊虫进行病毒分离，现将结果报告如下。

　　1 材料与方法

　　1.1 蚊虫采集在云南省景洪、勐腊、勐海、河口、孟连、耿马、盈江、潞西和瑞丽9县市的野外竹林和畜圈捕蚊，将蚊虫置低温冻死后分类编号，20～50只一批，放入小瓶内，液氮冻存待检。

　　1.2 病毒分离蚊虫经常规处理后，制成接种液，接种于C6/36细胞和乳鼠分离病毒。细胞出现规律病变或乳鼠发病即行鉴定。

　　1.3 病毒鉴定

　　1.3.1 抗体乙脑病毒家兔免疫血清为本室自制；乙脑病毒单克隆抗体是中国流行病学意义。

　　鉴于云南乙脑疫区分布较广，加之自然地理条件较特殊，蚊虫种类多，我们认为乙脑媒介亦较为复杂，有必要进行深入的研究。

　　* 云南省卫生厅科研基金资助课题

　　作者单位：云南省流行病防治研究所，云南大理 671000

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　　原作者：张海林施华芳米竹青自登云龚正达