-
Snacksconsumedinanonhungrystatehavepoorsatiatingefficiency:influenceofsnackcompositiononsubstrateutilizationandhunger
...nitrogenvalues(ing/min)wereusedtodeterminethenonproteinrespiratoryquotient(npRQ)(9).CarbohydrateandfatoxidationwerecalculatedwiththeformulapublishedbyJéquieretal(10).ThisformulausesmeasuredvaluesforCO2(mL/min),andexcretedurinarynitrogen.Energyexpenditure(EE)wascalculatedwiththeformulapublishe...
-
Fatandcarbohydratebalancesduringadaptationtoahigh-fatdiet
...nergybalanceTheincreaseindietaryfatresultedintheexpectedfallinnonproteinRQ(npRQ)(Figure2;P0.05byrepeated-measuresANOVA).TheindividualvaluesforeachchamberdayarealsopresentedinFigure2.TheinterindividualvariabilityintherateofchangeinnpRQwaslarge.Itisnotablethatoneindividualdidnotappeartoincreasefatoxid...
-
Postprandialdenovolipogenesisandmetabolicchangesinducedbyahigh-carbohydrate,low-fatmealinleanandoverweightmen
...hreferencegasbeforethebeginningofeachtest.EE,nonproteinrespiratoryquotient(NPRQ),substrateoxidation,andnetlipogenesiswerecalculatedfromoxygenconsumption,carbondioxideproduction(recordedbyDeltatraconceperminuteandaveragedover20min),andurinarynitrogenexcretion,accordingtothemethodandequationsdescribed...
-
Metabolicadaptationtohigh-fatandhigh-carbohydratedietsinchildrenandadolescents
...rbohydrateasfructose.Totalenergyexpenditure,nonproteinrespiratoryquotients(NPRQs),andsubstrateutilizationweremeasuredbyusing24-hcalorimetry.Effectsofsex,puberty,bodyfat(dual-energyX-rayabsorptiometry),intraabdominalfat(magneticresonanceimaging),andfitnessonsubstrateutilizationweretested.Results:Subs...
-
Glucoseappearanceintheperipheralcirculationandliverglucoseoutputinmenafteralarge13Cstarchmeal
...amountofenergyprovidedwerethencomputedwhenthenonproteinrespiratoryquotient(NPRQ)was1.0(15),whereasglucoseoxidation,theamountofglucoseconvertedintofat,andtheamountoffatsynthesizedwerecomputedwhentheNPRQwas1.0(PlasmaglucosekineticsThetotalrateofappearanceofglucoseinplasma(Ra)attimetwascomputedwithuseo...
-
Energymetabolism,nitrogenbalance,andsubstrateutilizationincriticallyillchildren
...ctionmeasuredbyuseoftheKjeldahlmethod(22).Thenonproteinrespiratoryquotient(npRQ)andtheutilizationratesofcarbohydrate,protein,andfatwerecalculatedbyusingtheConzolazioformulas(23).Forthepurposeofthepresentstudy,ahighcarbohydrateintakewasdefinedasacontinuousglucoseinfusion8mg•kg-1•min-1(14)an...
-
Ghrelinandglucagon-likepeptide1concentrations,24-hsatiety,andenergyandsubstratemetabolismduringahigh-proteindietandmeasuredinarespiration
...ture,componentsofenergyexpenditure,respiratoryquotient(RQ),andnonproteinRQ(NPRQ)duringthehigh-protein(HP)andadequate-protein(AP)diets1Viewlargerversion(12K):FIGURE1..Mean(±SD)24-hmacronutrientbalancesonday4ofthehigh-protein(HP;n=12)andadequate-protein(AP;n=12)diets.*Significantlydifferentfromth...
-
Concurrentphysicalactivityincreasesfatoxidationduringtheshifttoahigh-fatdiet
...sentSEMs.n=6.TheincreaseindietaryfatresultedinanexpectedfallinnonproteinRQ(npRQ)atbothhighandlowEEs(Figure2).TherewasasignificantlygreaterandmorerapidfallinnpRQwhenEEwasincreased(1.8timestheRMR)thanundersedentaryconditions(1.4timestheRMR).TheindividualvaluesforeachchamberdayarepresentedinFigure3.Und...
-
Conjugatedlinoleicacidsupplementationaltersthe6-mochangeinfatoxidationduringsleep
...ToensurethatthisdidnotaffectourglobalRQdata,anonproteinrespiratoryquotient(NPRQ)wascalculated.After6moofsupplementation,NPRQdecreasedintheCLAgroupandincreasedintheplacebogroup.Inadditiontothebaselinedifference,proteinutilizationalsodecreasedintheCLAgroupwithtreatment.Thisdecreaseinproteinutilization...
-
第七章 能量代谢和体温--第一节 能量代谢
...氧量的比值，即非蛋白呼吸商（non-proteinrespiratoryquotient,NPRQ），然后才有可能进一步查清糖和脂肪各氧化了多少克。 尿氮测定尿中的氮物质主要是蛋白质的分解产物。因此可以通过尿氮来估算体内被氧化的蛋白质的数量。蛋...