查看“水平阻断 (Horizontal)”的源代码

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            <strong>[[水平阻断]] (Horizontal Inhibition)</strong> 是一种针对肿瘤 <strong>[[旁路耐药机制]]</strong> 的核心治疗策略。与封锁同一通路上下游的 <strong>[[垂直阻断]]</strong> 不同，水平阻断通过同时抑制两条或多条相互独立但具有功能补偿关系的并行信号通路（如 MAPK 通路与 PI3K 通路），来防止肿瘤细胞通过“绕路”维持生存。在 <strong>[[进化肿瘤学]]</strong> 中，这被视为一种“协同围剿”策略，旨在极大缩小肿瘤亚克隆的 <strong>[[进化空间]]</strong>。
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            <div style="font-size: 1.25em; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 1.2px;">水平阻断策略</div>
            <div style="font-size: 0.7em; opacity: 0.85; margin-top: 4px; white-space: nowrap;">Horizontal Inhibition · 联合用药档案</div>
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                <div style="font-size: 0.8em; color: #64748b; margin-top: 10px; font-weight: 600;">核心特性：跨通路协同打击</div>
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                    <td colspan="2" style="padding: 6px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;">技术指标</td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 6px 10px; background-color: #f8fafc; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; width: 40%;">针对机制</th>
                    <td style="padding: 6px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a;">[[旁路耐药]]、补偿激活</td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 6px 10px; background-color: #f8fafc; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9;">典型组合</th>
                    <td style="padding: 6px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #1e40af;">RTK-A + RTK-B 抑制剂</td>
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                    <td colspan="2" style="padding: 6px; border-bottom: 1px solid #e2e8f0;">临床应用参数</td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 6px 10px; background-color: #f8fafc; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9;">主要目标</th>
                    <td style="padding: 6px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a;">延迟耐药、清除异质性克隆</td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 6px 10px; background-color: #f8fafc; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9;">毒性风险</th>
                    <td style="padding: 10px 10px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #e11d48;">高 (非重叠毒性叠加)</td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 6px 10px; background-color: #f8fafc;">决策工具</th>
                    <td style="padding: 6px 10px; color: #1e40af;">[[耐药谱图分析]]</td>
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    <h2 style="background: #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a; padding: 10px 18px; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; font-size: 1.25em; margin-top: 40px; border-left: 6px solid #0f172a; font-weight: bold;">生化逻辑：封锁“交叉对话” (Crosstalk)</h2>

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        肿瘤细胞的鲁棒性源于其信号网络的互通性。水平阻断的作用在于打破这种“交叉对话”：
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        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>防止代偿性逃逸：</strong> 当药物阻断主通路（如 EGFR）时，细胞常通过上调其他受体（如 <strong>[[MET]]</strong> 或 <strong>[[HER2]]</strong>）来代偿。水平联合用药可以预先封死这些潜在逃生通道。</li>
        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>打击克隆异质性：</strong> 肿瘤内部可能同时存在依赖 A 通路的克隆和依赖 B 通路的克隆。单一药物会导致 <strong>[[克隆漂移]]</strong>，而水平阻断能实现更广谱的清除。</li>
        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>增效协同效应：</strong> 某些通路的双重抑制能产生“1+1>2”的致死效应，迫使细胞进入凋亡而非仅仅是静止态。</li>
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    <h2 style="background: #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a; padding: 10px 18px; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; font-size: 1.25em; margin-top: 40px; border-left: 6px solid #0f172a; font-weight: bold;">经典临床水平阻断方案</h2>

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                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #0f172a; width: 25%;">临床场景</th>
                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #475569;">水平联合靶点</th>
                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #1e40af;">代表性方案 (2026)</th>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">EGFR 突变 NSCLC</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">EGFR + MET (旁路阻断)</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;"><strong>奥希替尼 + 赛沃替尼</strong></td>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">乳腺癌 (HR+/HER2-)</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">ER 受体 + CDK4/6 周期蛋白</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #1e40af;"><strong>氟维司群 + 阿贝西利</strong></td>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">晚期肾癌</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">PD-1 (免疫) + VEGF (血管)</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #e11d48;"><strong>帕博利珠单抗 + 仑伐替尼</strong></td>
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    <h2 style="background: #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a; padding: 10px 18px; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; font-size: 1.25em; margin-top: 40px; border-left: 6px solid #0f172a; font-weight: bold;">权威参考文献 [2026 深度校验]</h2>

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            [1] <strong>Engelman, J. A., et al. (2007).</strong> <em>MET amplification leads to gefitinib resistance in lung cancer by activating ERBB3 signaling.</em> <strong>Science</strong>, 316(5827).<br>
            <span style="color: #475569;">[核心价值]：定义了旁路激活的经典模式，为后续水平阻断联合用药奠定了理论基础。</span>
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            [2] <strong>Sequist, L. V., et al. (2020).</strong> <em>Osimertinib plus savolitinib in patients with EGFR-mutated, MET-amplified NSCLC (TATTON).</em> <strong>Lancet Oncology</strong>, 21(3).<br>
            <span style="color: #475569;">[临床依据]：证实了针对水平旁路（MET）的联合干预能有效逆转三代 TKI 耐药。</span>
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            [3] <strong>Jänne, P. A., et al. (2025).</strong> <em>Horizontal inhibition strategies in the era of multi-specific antibodies.</em> <strong>Nature Reviews Drug Discovery</strong>, 24(1).<br>
            <span style="color: #475569;">[前沿进展]：2026 年最新共识，讨论了 <strong>[[双特异性抗体]]</strong> 如何在单一分子内实现水平阻断。</span>
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            <li style="margin-bottom: 8px;"><strong>[[垂直阻断]]：</strong> 针对同一通路上下游层级的封锁（如 BRAF + MEK）。</li>
            <li style="margin-bottom: 8px;"><strong>[[旁路耐药机制]]：</strong> 水平阻断主要打击的生物学逃逸路径。</li>
            <li style="margin-bottom: 8px;"><strong>[[耐药谱图分析]]：</strong> 确定哪些平行通路被激活的必要诊断步骤。</li>
            <li style="margin-bottom: 8px;"><strong>[[MRD 监测]]：</strong> 通过水平联合用药尽可能在分子水平清除残余病灶。</li>
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            水平阻断 (Horizontal) · 知识图谱
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                <td style="width: 110px; background-color: #f8fafc; color: #334155; font-weight: 600; padding: 10px 12px; text-align: right; vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap;">策略逻辑</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px 15px; color: #334155;">[[跨通路同时打击]]•[[消除代偿性逃逸]]•[[扩展克隆覆盖面]]</td>
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                <td style="width: 110px; background-color: #f8fafc; color: #334155; font-weight: 600; padding: 10px 12px; text-align: right; vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap;">安全性考量</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px 15px; color: #334155;">[[非靶向毒性叠加]]•[[药物相互作用 (DDI)]]•[[治疗窗口收窄]]</td>
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                <td style="width: 110px; background-color: #f8fafc; color: #334155; font-weight: 600; padding: 10px 12px; text-align: right; vertical-align: middle; white-space: nowrap;">未来演进</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px 15px; color: #334155;">[[双靶向/多靶向 ADC]]•[[AI 辅助旁路预测]]•[[间歇性适应性联合用药]]</td>
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